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The Archive
A service from 'The Serious Writers Guild' at MAKEHITS.COM Written by Dec Cluskey
This Email first mailed to all Members of 'The Serious Writers Guild' and
subscribers to 'One Minute With Dec' on 04.08.02
"Dear Dec
I am just writing to say thank you. I must say sincerely that my whole view to my music has really changed a lot both business and creativity wise. I just cant stop saying thank you - thank you very much.
Thank you once more
yours,
Balogun'kaykay'Kolade"
[member no. NET064330W] NIGERIA, Africa. =================================Support our UK music friends by copying and circulating this slogan to everyone you know there :
"My Emails are written in good humour, and should be read with a smile"
"I'm not cut out for being a working musician myself, but I still enjoy playing. You won't have to give up music. Just because I don't make a living from playing my guitar (or anything else) doesn't mean that I don't have a rewarding experience when I play."
One of the Members of 'The Serious Writers Guild', Ian Warrener, has become a major force in speaker design....his advice is sought by a lot of the 'biggy' PA companies....he sent me this short article...you will love it. Ian speaks the only 'logic' I have ever heard about speakers....stuff that we can understand...I also use his latest design as my main monitors in the studio....AWESOME!
'IMPEDANCE'...the mystery
revealed:
The Resistance of each Loudspeaker drive unit
and the way they are wired together are the things we need to calculate overall
'impedance' which translates as the 'LOAD'
exerted on the
amplifier, just to confuse things 'AS THE
IMPEDANCE INCREASES SO THE LOAD ON THE AMPLIFIER DECREASES' and in turn 'THE LOWER
THE IMPEDANCE OF THE CIRCUIT THE GREATER THE LOAD ON THE AMPLIFIER'.
Many modern amps will
run at 2 ohms (some even 1 ohm) but that doesn't mean that it doesn't have
consequences and knowing the way the overall load is calculated can help with
adding flexibility to any system.
Firstly, all
loudspeaker loads are NOMINAL
this is a figure used
to represent the way IMPEDANCE changes with frequency i.e. A nominal 8
ohm load although undoubtedly 8 ohms at some frequencies will be very different
at others. Use the nominal figure for calculations
There are 2 basic ways
to wire up multiples of anything, either in SERIES
or in
PARALLEL, or a combination
of the 2.
In a series circuit the signal is fed from +ve (of the amp output)
to +ve on first speaker (either box or driver) then from negative on first
speaker to positive on 2nd speaker, negative on 2nd speaker to positive on third
and on and on until negative of last speaker goes back to negative on
amp.
Wired in this way the
overall circuit impedance is raised and the impedance of each unit is added to
give the total load i.e. 3 x 8 ohm speakers wired in series 8+8+8 = 24 ohm load,
5 x 4 ohm speakers 4+4+4+4+4= 20 ohm load.
In a parallel circuit
all positives are wired together as are all negatives, positives to positive on
amp, negatives to negative on amp, wired in this way the overall impedance is
decreased, to find the figure we need to do sums though.
Here goes:
If x
= final circuit impedance and (for now) all loudspeakers are 8
ohm
Then
1/x = 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8
+, etc.
So with 2 speakers 1/x
= 1/8 + 1/8, so 1/x = ¼, so x = 4
But with 4 speakers
1/x =1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8, so 1/x =4/8 =1/2, so x =2
As the amp used may
produce double the power at 4 ohm that it can at 8 ohms it is useful to know
these figures and by using combinations of series and parallel networks it is
possible to wire many loudspeakers onto a single amp (power permitting) without
overloading the outputs (check amp spec for minimum load impedance). But
always check overall loading and remember the lower the overall impedance the
harder the amp has to work the hotter it will get, the higher the overall
impedance the lower the distortion and noise of the final
sound.
[written by
Ian Warrener....]
Two of the guys from our recent competition had already bought the products they won so they cleverly opted for 'One Minute With Dec - The First Annual' plus the two interactive CD's....smart move - it is the best Music Info and help book and CD's on the Net. available at: https://secure.mistral.co.uk/makehits/swgappsecure.htm
"You
are not stuck where you are - unless you decide to
be"
wayne w
dyer
R
egardsDec
"Paths clear before those who know where they're going and are determined to get there"
leonard roy frank
PS: can't go without expressing total admiration for the Commonwealth Games in the UK. The sound and lighting presentation was a 'class act'...best I've seen in the world. Special compliments for the 'Melbourne Girl' song plus the Jimmy Cliff and Dave Stewart presentation 'People Let's Get together'....the 'SEEK PEACE' finale was truly awesome and compliments to the designers who had the courage to put dance music and particularly DJ Flash ending the proceedings....altogether an unbelievable Games. But shouldn't the Queen have kissed the little girl on the opening night presentation? And wasn't David Beckham's outfit just the all time best. The swimming girl amputee who showed the world what courage was. Wow!
But what lunatic advised M People to sing live? Out of sync vocals or what [Heather Small?]
============================================
Gag of the Week:
"A doctor and a lawyer in two cars collided on a country road.
The
lawyer, seeing that the doctor was a little shaken up, helped him from
the
car and offered him a drink from his hip flask.
The
doctor accepted and handed the flask back to the lawyer, who closed it
and
put it away.
"Aren't you going to have a drink yourself?" asked the
doctor.
"Sure, after the police leave," replied the attorney.
============================================
One Moment with Stuart Goldsmith
"ID cards will be introduced, probably, voluntarily. Then they will be made compulsory. Then they will become a cash card, medical card, entitlement card all rolled into one. Then cash will disappear.
Now the Government will have total, absolute fingertip control over each and every citizen."
the website of my good friend - Stuart Goldsmith
=====================================================
Heard enough, want to apply to join 'The Serious Writers Guild' and receive the award winning ten month program: "How To Make A $Million From Your Music" now?
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